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Balochistan Rights Crackdown in Pakistan
Human Rights & Justice

Balochistan Rights Crackdown in Pakistan

Severity
8/10
Impact
5.0Mpeople
Trend
worsening
Region
Pakistan
Pakistan’s Balochistan province remains the site of a serious and intensifying human rights crackdown, with UN experts warning in April 2025 that counter-terrorism measures there are causing “unrelenting” enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention risks, torture allegations, and repeated internet blackouts that restrict expression, assembly, and access to information. Amnesty International and partner organizations said in 2025 that Baloch human rights defenders and protesters have faced harassment, arbitrary detention, and legal pressure, including use of the Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance and multiple FIRs against activists. Recent reporting also indicates the crackdown has continued through 2025 with restrictions on public life and expanded surveillance. Amnesty reported in October 2025 that Balochistan authorities placed 32 people from Khuzdar, Kech, and Chagai districts on the Anti-Terrorism Act Fourth Schedule, limiting movement and enabling asset freezes; the same report noted deaths, including children, during military operations in Zehri, Khuzdar district. Paank, the human rights wing of the Baloch National Movement, reported 84 enforced disappearances and 33 extrajudicial killings in June 2025 across 14 districts, including Kech and Mastung as the worst-affected areas, underscoring the scale of the ongoing crisis.

Recent Developments

0129 April 2025: UN experts urged Pakistan to address human rights violations in Balochistan, warning about enforced disappearances, protest restrictions, torture allegations, internet blackouts, and proposed internment centres that could increase arbitrary detention risks.

02March 2025: Amnesty reported a renewed crackdown on Baloch activists, including continued detention of protesters and the use of bogus FIRs and preventive detention orders despite bail decisions.

03June 2025: Paank reported 84 enforced disappearances, 33 extrajudicial killings, and 32 torture victims in Balochistan, with Kech and Mastung recording the highest number of disappearances.

04October 2025: Amnesty said 32 people from Khuzdar, Kech, and Chagai were placed under the Fourth Schedule of the Anti-Terrorism Act, restricting movement and exposing families to surveillance and financial controls.

Interventions

  • UN Special Procedures have publicly called on Pakistan to review counter-terrorism practices in Balochistan and ensure compliance with international human rights law.
  • Amnesty International and other human rights organizations are documenting abuses and pressing for the release of detained activists and an end to the crackdown on dissent.

What Works

  • Release of peaceful protesters and human rights defenders, combined with an end to arbitrary detention and misuse of preventive security laws, is the clearest rights-protective measure identified by UN and NGO reporting.
  • Restoring internet access and protecting freedom of assembly and association are repeatedly recommended by UN experts and rights groups as necessary conditions for civic space, accountability, and independent reporting.

How to Help

  • Support human rights organizations documenting abuses in Balochistan, including Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and FIDH.
  • Advocate for the release of detained peaceful protesters and for legal safeguards against enforced disappearances and arbitrary detention.
  • Raise the issue with elected representatives and international human rights bodies, urging scrutiny of counter-terrorism measures in Balochistan.

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Verified Organizations

Organizations Helping(5)

CPD works through peace and human rights education, civic education, and capacity building, and it operates across multiple districts in Balochistan. On issues linked to the crackdown, its approach is to strengthen civic awareness, democratic participation, and rights-based community capacity, which can support affected communities in understanding and asserting their rights.

BYC works as a grassroots protest and advocacy movement centered on alleged human rights abuses in Balochistan. Based on the source provided, its approach is mobilization around enforced disappearances and other abuses, though the available result is a secondary source and offers less operational detail than the other organizations listed.

This network’s role is to defend freedom of expression and peaceful assembly for Baloch human rights defenders, especially in response to harassment and arbitrary detention. The linked Amnesty appeal shows the issue is being addressed through collective advocacy, public pressure on authorities, and international solidarity for detained or targeted defenders.

BHRG documents, monitors, and reports violations in Balochistan, with special attention to political prisoners, minorities, juveniles, and cases involving torture or coerced confessions. It also works with international human rights mechanisms, lawyers, journalists, civil society groups, and families of victims to increase accountability and international awareness.

Sources & Citations

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