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Myanmar Children Cut Off by School Closures and Attacks
Education

Myanmar Children Cut Off by School Closures and Attacks

Severity
8/10
Impact
3.7Mpeople
Trend
worsening
Region
Myanmar
Myanmar’s education crisis remains severe in 2024–2025, driven by the 2021 military coup, ongoing conflict, and repeated attacks on schools. UNICEF said 3.7 million school-aged children lacked access to learning due to conflict and insecurity, while a July 2024 report quoted the junta’s own education figures showing more than 13,700 of 48,753 public schools were closed nationwide; in Chin State only 38 of about 1,500 schools remained open, and Sagaing Region had more than 4,200 closures. The crisis is compounded by the displacement of 2.7 million people, including children, and by a severe shortage of teachers and other education staff. Violence against education facilities has continued to intensify. Reporting in late 2024 cited 245 attacks on schools in 2022–23, 190 schools commandeered by the military, and 174 reports of serious violence against schools as of July 2024; Myanmar Witness attributed the military to 90 of 113 primary-dataset cases. Other reporting found that around 30% of teachers have been dismissed or are participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement, further limiting access to public schooling, while over 130,000 government teachers were still refusing to work for the military regime in 2024.

Recent Developments

01July 2024: The military junta’s education ministry said more than 13,700 of Myanmar’s 48,753 public schools were closed nationwide; in Chin State only 38 schools remained open and in Sagaing Region more than 4,200 schools were closed.

02July 2024: Reporting cited 174 reports of serious violence against schools as of that date, with the military involved in 90 of 113 primary-dataset cases.

032024: UNICEF said 3.7 million school-aged children lacked access to learning due to conflict and insecurity, alongside 2.7 million internally displaced people.

Interventions

  • UNICEF is supporting community-based education in emergencies and safe learning spaces for crisis-affected children, including internally displaced children.
  • Ethnic Education Providers, the National Unity Government, and Ethnic Revolutionary Organisations are operating parallel schooling networks in territories outside junta control.
  • Humanitarian and local civil society actors are providing temporary learning spaces, educational supplies, and psychosocial support in conflict-affected areas.

What Works

  • Community-based education in emergencies helps maintain access to learning for displaced and conflict-affected children when state schools are closed or unsafe.
  • Safe learning spaces and local education delivery through trusted community and ethnic providers can keep children enrolled in highly insecure areas.
  • Protecting schools from military use and attack is essential, since school commandeering and direct violence are major drivers of closure and dropout.

How to Help

  • Donate to organizations delivering emergency education and child protection in Myanmar, such as UNICEF and local humanitarian partners.
  • Support local and international NGOs providing temporary learning spaces, school supplies, and teacher support in conflict-affected townships.
  • Advocate for protection of schools and humanitarian access through elected representatives and policy campaigns focused on Myanmar.

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Verified Organizations

Organizations Helping(9)

World Vision Myanmar says it delivers education programs across 9 states and regions, with a focus on early childhood development, literacy for young learners, parent engagement, teacher support for inclusive education, and strengthening local communities. It also states that it works on quality education for children in conflict zones and partners on emergency education projects, including an ECW-linked response and a UNICEF-supported basic education pathway project for vulnerable children.

LWF supported the project 'Education Assistance to Children in Rakhine State' in Myanmar. Its approach was to provide direct educational assistance to children affected by conflict and disruption, helping restore access to learning for children who were cut off from school. The program was framed as a continuation of donor-backed education support and aimed at children in one of Myanmar’s most affected regions.

UNICEF addresses drought-driven school disruption by improving water, sanitation, and hygiene in schools, finalizing school WASH standards and guidelines, and helping design and install climate-resilient water supply systems so schools can keep operating safely during drought conditions.

World Education’s Myanmar-related partnerships include supporting community-based education providers through teacher training, school administration, and access-focused education services. Its partner list shows support for Karen, Kayan, Mon, and refugee education organizations, including teacher training for displaced and migrant communities and improved access to basic and higher education in refugee settings.

Sources & Citations

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