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Tigray Schools Remain Disrupted Amid Recovery Gaps
Education

Tigray Schools Remain Disrupted Amid Recovery Gaps

Severity
8/10
Impact
1.2Mpeople
Trend
stable
Cost
$5.4B
Education in Tigray, Ethiopia remains severely disrupted despite the end of large-scale fighting and the reopening of schools in May 2023. Recent reporting and assessments still describe extensive conflict damage, with the education system struggling to recover from destroyed or damaged classrooms, shortages of teachers and learning materials, and continued displacement-related pressure on school buildings. A 2024 policy brief reported that 74.9% of schools assessed in 22 woredas were partially damaged and 19.1% had completely damaged classrooms, broken furniture, and destroyed educational materials, while 4.2% of schools in Tigray were occupied by internally displaced people (IDPs). It also reported major access gaps in some zones, including 40.7% of eligible students out of school in the Central zone and 65.8% in the North Western zone. Humanitarian and education actors say the recovery has been slow and uneven. The European Commission reported that roughly 2.4 million school-aged children were denied education for three academic years and that 88% of school infrastructure had been damaged, while only 40% of school-aged children had enrolled after schools reopened in 2023. A more recent 2024/2025 report cited by local media estimated the education sector’s losses at USD 5.38 billion and said more than 1.2 million children were out of school, with over 80% of schools rendered nonfunctional. The problem remains concentrated in Tigray, with spillover effects for displaced families and returnees in other parts of Ethiopia.

Recent Developments

01May 2023: Schools in Tigray reopened after peace talks, but access remained limited; the European Commission said only 40% of school-aged children had enrolled after reopening.

022024: A policy brief reported that 74.9% of schools assessed in 22 woredas were partially damaged and 19.1% had completely damaged classrooms, with 4.2% of schools occupied by IDPs.

032024/2025: A report on Tigray's education recovery estimated USD 5.38 billion in education-sector losses and more than 1.2 million children out of school.

Interventions

  • Plan International, with support from EU humanitarian funding, has been implementing an integrated education and child protection emergency response in Tigray since June 2022.
  • Local recovery efforts include reopening makeshift schools, community support for teachers and students, and reconstruction planning described in the 2024 policy brief.

What Works

  • Rapid school rehabilitation combined with reopening, temporary learning spaces, and child protection support helps children return to learning after conflict, as reflected in ongoing emergency response programming in Tigray.
  • Community-based recovery measures such as makeshift classes, local teacher support, and targeted rehabilitation of damaged schools are highlighted as practical steps in Tigray’s recovery plans.

How to Help

  • Donate to reputable education-in-emergencies and child protection organizations working in Tigray and Ethiopia, such as Plan International and other humanitarian partners.
  • Support advocacy for education recovery funding, school rehabilitation, and teacher support in conflict-affected areas of Ethiopia.
  • Share verified information from credible humanitarian and rights organizations to raise awareness of the ongoing education crisis.

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Verified Organizations

Organizations Helping(4)

In the Horn of Africa, UNICEF responds to crop-failure-driven hunger by treating severe acute malnutrition, scaling emergency nutrition services, and reducing disease risks that worsen child hunger. It procures and delivers Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), supports safe water and sanitation, and strengthens primary health care and immunization so children can survive and recover during climate-driven food crises.

Initiative Africa is supporting the Accelerated Learning Program in Tigray, funded by the Malala Fund. Its work focuses on reviving education after conflict by expanding access for students affected by school disruption, with particular attention to the large numbers of out-of-school children and girls who have been left behind.

Luminos relaunched its education program in Tigray in 2023 and supports children affected by conflict through an accelerated learning program that restores access to schooling. Its approach combines activity-based teaching, social-emotional learning, teacher trauma-healing training, structured pedagogy, and midday meals to address both learning loss and the psychosocial and nutritional barriers that keep children out of school.

Plan International works in Burkina Faso on emergency response and child protection, with a strong focus on girls and displaced children. In crisis settings, it provides life-saving assistance, supports safe spaces and psychosocial support, and works to keep children learning through education-in-emergencies activities. The organization also engages communities to reduce protection risks such as separation, abuse, and exploitation among displaced populations.

Sources & Citations

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