Sub-Saharan Africa Electricity Access Crisis

Sub-Saharan Africa remains the world’s largest electricity access crisis, with the region still home to roughly 85% to 86% of the global population without electricity in 2024. Recent reporting puts the global total without electricity at about 655 million in 2024, with roughly 563 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa lacking access; the World Bank also described about 666 million people globally lacking electricity access in 2025 reporting, underscoring that progress remains too slow to match population growth. The crisis is concentrated in low-income and fragile states and continues to affect households, schools, clinics, and businesses through limited grid expansion, unreliable supply, load-shedding, and frequent outages even where connections exist. The World Bank and the International Energy Agency both warn that electrification progress in the region is not keeping up with demographic growth, and the IEA projects that without faster action, Sub-Saharan Africa will still account for about 85% of the world’s people without electricity by 2030. The largest deficits remain concentrated in a small number of countries, especially Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Ethiopia, which repeatedly rank among the top access-deficit countries. Recent World Bank and IEA reporting also indicates that 18 of the 20 countries with the largest electricity access deficits are in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the region’s rural access gap remains especially severe.